![]() ![]() Having been re-elected, Lula seems to be aware that Brazil’s internal strife demands a new and strategic foreign policy which will look very different this time around. A fresh look at the 19th century Concert of Europe provides a possible answer to the vexing question of how to protect vulnerable states from, while building a sustainable continental order with, today’s Russia.ĭownload the PDF Embedded Nationalism in a Fragmented World: Lula’s Brazil Whenever the Ukraine war ends, new arrangements will be needed that go far beyond the immediate conditions of a peace deal to restore European order and security. Putin’s war on Ukraine has combined with preexisting energy trends to create three significant effects transforming the geopolitics of energy: a new understanding about the dangers of energy interdependence “homegrown” clean energy becoming a tool of energy security and China’s sharpening energy alignment with Russia, particularly their increasing leadership in nuclear power.ĭownload the PDF A New Concert for Europe: Security and Order After the War The Geopolitics of Energy after the Invasion of Ukraine In the event of a conflict, building regional partnerships and coalitions which can move quickly against China’s financial system may prove far more consequential. How can Washington curb China’s growing resiliency, including “sanctions-proofing,” to US coercive economic statecraft? In addition to maintaining a strong dollar, the US must move beyond unilateral sanctions. It is all the more imperative that the US begin enhancing its capability today to successfully conduct economic statecraft in a crisis.ĭownload the PDF Curbing China’s Resilience to US Coercive Economic Statecraft ![]() While there are some similarities between Ukraine and some future Taiwan scenario, US economic statecraft in a Taiwan contingency may prove more challenging, and attention ought to be more focused on areas where they diverge. The Devil’s in the Differences: Ukraine and a Taiwan Contingency ![]() While China is vulnerable to US financial power, and is likely to remain so for the near to medium term, Beijing is likely to take three steps, based on its lessons drawn from the war in Ukraine, to attempt to weaken US and allied leverage in any potential future crisis. Relative to Moscow, Beijing is arguably both more sensitive to and more resilient against US economic pressure. China’s Economic Statecraft: Lessons Learned from Ukraine ![]()
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